19^th International Conference on Global Toxicology and Risk Assessment November 05-06, 2020 Madrid, Spain

Biography:

Abdeen Mustafa Omer (BSc, MSc, PhD) is an Associate Researcher at Occupational Health Administration, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Khartoum, Sudan. He has been listed in the book WHO’S WHO in the World 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2010. He has published over 300 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 200 review articles, 7 books and 150 chapters in books.

Abstract:

The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. The 2001 Pharmacy and Poisons Act and its provisions established the Federal Pharmacy and Poison Board (FPPB). All the authorities of the implementation of Pharmacy and Poisons Act were given to this board. This article provides an overview of the impact of the pharmaceutical regulations on the quality of medicines on the Sudanese market from the perspective of the pharmacists working with drug importing companies. The information necessary to conduct the evaluation was collected from 30 pharmacists who are the owners or shareholders in medicines’ importing companies. The participants were selected randomly. 89% of respondents considered the medicines on the Sudanese market are generally of good quality. The design of the research itself may be considered inadequate with regard to selection process. However, the authors believe it provides enough evidence, and the current pharmaceutical regulations have some loopholes. The Pharmacy, Poisons, Cosmetics and Medical Devices Act-2001 and its regulation should be enforced. The overall set-up including the Act itself needs to be revised. The emerging crisis in pharmacy human resources requires significant additional effort to gather knowledge and dependable data that can inform reasonable, effective, and coordinated responses from government, industry, and professional associations. Furthermore research should be carried out to understand the scope, magnitude directions of the migratory flows, within and outside the country, as well as the characteristics and skills of the emigrated pharmacists

Biography:

El Rhzaoui Ghita has is preparing her PhD from a Moroccan University. She is actually Working in Forest Departement ( ministry of Agriculture) , as communication counsellor. She has published 3 papers in reputed journals related to air pollution.

Abstract:

Spatial mapping of the distribution of heavy metals was performed with the Inverse Distance  Weighting technique (IDW) of Arc Gis 10 information system (GIS). We propose an innovative study based on information system technology and lichen biomonitoring to assess air pollution. The results demonstrated that the contamination of heavy metals (HM) fluctuates with certain some hotspots with high concentration of Cr, Pd, Cu, Cr and Fe. The spatial mapping showed that “SidiYayha El Gharb” is the most contaminated area not only lithogenically but also from industries and trafic. Spatial mapping that the environment is highly affected with industrial discharges, remediation activities should be carried out urgently to prevent an ecological disaster.

Biography:

Ahmed A Allam is working as Professor of comparative anatomy and embryology, Faculty of science, Beni-Suef university, Beni-Suef 62511, Egpt. He is working as a Vice dean of faculty of special needs, -Suef university, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt. He completed his PhD in Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt. The Ph.D. Degree in developmental biology and development toxicity in September 2008 and entitled by “Effect of Acrylamide on the Development of Nervous System in Albino Rat. He has an experience in biology, anatomy, embryology, vertebrate’s fields.

Abstract:

The coast of Arabian Gulf is considered among the highest oil impacted regions in Saudi Arabia. Heavy metals contamination in coastal and marine environments is becoming an increasingly serious threat to both the naturally stressed marine ecosystems and humans relying on marine resources for food, industry and recreation. The heavy metal concentration in soil, plants and rodents were measured. The bioaccumulation of five heavy metals, viz., sulfur (S), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the soil, plant, the wild Libyan jird Meriones libycus and the wield mouse Mus musculus were estimated. In the jird and mouse, the heavy metals were measured in fur, liver, kidney. The results showed that the bioaccumulation in polluted sites reached five times that in the reference unpolluted site. The mean values of the liver enzymes activities increased in the animals collected from contaminated sites. The bioaccumula­tion of heavy metals decreases the reduced glutathione (GSH) and increases the lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO), and produced histopathological changes in liver and kidneys of jird and mouse in the polluted sites.

Biography:

Manisha Mehta has her expertise in weight, fat, muscle management and Sports Nutrition. Her keen interest in food and the way it affects life has driven her extensive studies in the subjects of Food technology, Packaging Technology and Nutrition along with Food Service management systems. The foundation of this presentation is based on the years of experience she has gained while studying as well as successful counselling of hundreds of clients with issues varying from weight management to lifestyle disorders and food intolerances in different settings including hospitals and health centers.

Abstract:

Biography:

Sanae ezzaki graduated from the University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Morocco (2016). She is currently resident in nephrology hemodialysis at the ibn rochd university and hospital center in Casablanca, Morocco. Dr. Ezzaki was currently following a clinical research pathway with numerous abstracts and case presentations while practicing as a resident physician. She has participated in national and international conferences on nephrology

Abstract:

Introduction: dysphania ambrosioides or pigweed called in Morocco m'khinza is a plant that belongs to the family of "Chenopodiaceae" used as an anthelmintic, antispasmodic, carminative and antipyretic. However, it can have a toxic effect especially on the kidney.

Methods :We report two cases of poisoning to dysphania ambrosioides plant collected in department of nephrology hemodialysis Casablanca

Patients and Results:These KY aged 16, without specific medical history, admitted to the nephrology department for kidney failure at 64 mg / L of creatinine occurred after concomitant m'khinza and phenicols for ten days for suspected typhoid fever . On examination, the patient was afebrile, with normal tended to 130/70 mm Hg, the presence of a protein cross with urine strips without traces of blood, urine output is maintained to 2100 ml. The tests showed an acute renal failure to 64 mg / L of creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria 1.39 g / 24 hours without impact on the protidogramme, sterile urine cultures with leukocyturia 200 000th / ml. The patient underwent renal biopsy which showed Nephritis tubulointerstitial acute.It is HE aged 23, without specific medical history, admitted to the nephrology department for kidney failure at 80 mg / L of plasma creatinine occurred after taking m'khinza for a week for a fever. On examination, the patient was afebrile, with normal tension to 120/70 mm Hg, urine output is maintained to 2L with the dipstick two cross of blood without hematuriaThe tests showed an acute renal failure to 80 mg / L of creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria at 2 g / 24 hours without impact on the protidogramme, sterile urine cultures with leukocyturia 120 000th / ml. The patient received a kidney biopsy which showed Nephritis tubulointerstitial acute.

Discussion: Despite advances in pharmacology, therapeutic use of plant is very present in some countries of the world especially those developing. In the literature, data about poisoning pigweed, are few and documented. Use for food, cosmetic or curative of certain plants potentially toxic, or at least a portion (seed, stem, etc.), can induce severe poisoning or death. These poisonings are a frequent accident in most regions.Some cases of brain or renal toxicity of this active ingredient have been reported in the literature.

Conclusion: The combination of histological lesions and m'khinza gain in this patient did mention its toxic effect on the kidney that is a limitation to the use of this plant despite its analgesic qualities, antispasmodic, and anthelmintic

Biography:

MichaÅ‚ H. Wrobel has completed his PhD from the University of Warmia and Masury in Olsztyn (2008). In 2009, he accepted an Associate Professor position at the Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction of the Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, PAS. In 2011, he was awarded with the individual Bielanski’s Prize by Association of Biology of Reproduction, and since 2019 he has been a doctor with post-doctoral degree. Michal Wrobel has published 27 refereed publications.

Abstract:

Atrazine, which belongs to triazine class of herbicides, remains a staple of the American and Indian agriculture, while is subjected to strict regulation that effectively prevents its use in Europe. It was previously shown that atrazine increased the secretion of ovarian oxytocin (OT), which is a potent uterotonic agent. However, atrazine directly inhibit the myometrial contractions in cows. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine its effect on the motoric function of bovine cervix.Cervical strips or cells from cows at 18-20 days of oestrous cycle were incubated (24-72h) with atrazine (10 ng/ml). The used dose of atrazine, which was chosen according to the our previous studies, has exerted any cytotoxic effect. However, it increased the force of cervical contractions and it has not affected the level of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). While atrazine decreased the secretion of PGE2, amount of gap junction proteins (GAPs) and the second messengers (DAG, IP3), which are involved in transmission of signal to contraction.

Atrazine showed direct stimulation of the force of cervical contractions and inhibition of cellular signalling. Hence, it has potential to impair the function of cervix, which can be followed by failures in beginning of gestation.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Presently working as a Doctoral fellow with Prof. Ravi S. Pandey, Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Mr. Rishikesh K. Tiwari has completed his M.Sc. with cytogenetics specialization from University of Allahabad, India. After M.Sc. he has qualified the RET (research entrance test) in 2014 and enrolled for D.Phil. program in the same department. He presented many orals/poster in different International/National Conferences organized in India. Besides twelve research/review articles in National/International journal repute, one book chapter in USA based publishing house is also published. He was awarded as student Ambassador from India for 20^th World Congress on Toxicology and Pharmacology held at May 6-7^th, 2019 Tokyo, Japan and presented his research paper. He has membership in various scientific association such as Society of Biological Chemists, India, Indian Science Congress Association, India.  He also assists in teaching (oth theory and practical) at graduate and postgraduate level in Department. He deliver several invited lecture at various scientific intitution of India as Botanical Survey of India, Prayagraj (Allahabad)

Abstract:

Pesticides contributed greatly to pest control and agricultural output whose remarkable proportion reaches to aquatic system by runoff. This results in contamination of water bodies and causes serious health problems to non- target organisms including fish. It also affects the human health by biomagnifications. Therefore, present study was carried out to investigate the sub-lethal effect of chlorpyrifos (organophosphate) cypermethrin (pyrethroid) and their combination to explore their impact on stress parameters such as oxidative stress enzymes (Super Oxide Dismutase; SOD), (Catalase; CAT), (Glutathione-S-Transferase; GST) and antioxidant indices such as (Glutathione Reduced; GSH) and (Lipid peroxidation; LPO) in a stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossiis. Fishes were procured, acclimatised under laboratory conditions and were fed with commercially available fish pellets ad libitum. To study the effect of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and their combination, fishes were exposed to 5% & 10% of their LC₅₀ doses up to 96h. After exposure, the fishes were sacrificed and the tissues (brain, liver, kidney, gills and muscles) and blood were collected for estimations. A significant dose-dependent changes (p<0.05) in level of anti-oxidant stress parameters were observed in exposed group as compared to control. This preliminary study reflects the effect of these pesticides which serves as the potential biomarker of pesticides contamination in aquatic system.

Biography:

Medina-Reyes EI completed her PhD at the age of 27 years at Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Her research in the last 7 years is focused on explaining the mechanism of toxicity induced by engineered nanomaterials after inhalatory and oral exposure and currently, her work is supported by 13 articles published in recognized journals. She has participated in 5 international meetings about toxicology and part of her PhD thesis was performed in The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands. In 2015, Society Of Toxicology in USA recognized her abstract awarding her with the Silver Level.

Abstract:

Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) is used as additive in food products for human consumption since 1960. Recently, it was demonstrated that intragastric E171 administration enhanced colon tumor formation in experimental models and induced histological alterations in testis. This rises further concerns of E171 as a possible trigger or synergistic diet component of pathologies. Regarding to diet, the increased fat intake jumped 22.8% from 1993 to 2013 worldwide and together with the E171 as a facilitator of colon tumor formation, brings the hypothesis of exacerbated toxicity induced by E171 after oral consumption in mice fed with a high fat diet (HFD). This work aimed to evaluate the toxicity in colon, liver and testis induced by oral administration of 5 mg/kgbw E171 in mice fed with HFD for 16 weeks. Results demonstrated that mice fed with regular diet + E171 and mice fed with a HFD had higher number of adenomas, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of goblet cells and deregulation in mucin expression in colon. However, colon alterations were not exacerbated in mice fed with HFD + E171. HFD induced macrovesicular steatosis in the liver and mice fed with HFD + E171 had microvesicular steatosis which has a worse clinical prognosis. HFD mice and HFD + E171 mice had disruption of testis architecture and decrease in spermatozoa concentration and motility in the same extent. We conclude that E171 and HFD induced severe toxicity in colon and testis in the same extent but liver steatosis is exacerbated by combination of HFD + E171 administration.

Biography:

Medina-Reyes EI completed her PhD at the age of 27 years at Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Her research in the last 7 years is focused on explaining the mechanism of toxicity induced by engineered nanomaterials after inhalatory and oral exposure and currently, her work is supported by 13 articles published in recognized journals. She has participated in 5 international meetings about toxicology and part of her PhD thesis was performed in The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands. In 2015, Society Of Toxicology in USA recognized her abstract awarding her with the Silver Level.

Abstract:

Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) is used as additive in food products for human consumption since 1960. Recently, it was demonstrated that intragastric E171 administration enhanced colon tumor formation in experimental models and induced histological alterations in testis. This rises further concerns of E171 as a possible trigger or synergistic diet component of pathologies. Regarding to diet, the increased fat intake jumped 22.8% from 1993 to 2013 worldwide and together with the E171 as a facilitator of colon tumor formation, brings the hypothesis of exacerbated toxicity induced by E171 after oral consumption in mice fed with a high fat diet (HFD). This work aimed to evaluate the toxicity in colon, liver and testis induced by oral administration of 5 mg/kgbw E171 in mice fed with HFD for 16 weeks. Results demonstrated that mice fed with regular diet + E171 and mice fed with a HFD had higher number of adenomas, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of goblet cells and deregulation in mucin expression in colon. However, colon alterations were not exacerbated in mice fed with HFD + E171. HFD induced macrovesicular steatosis in the liver and mice fed with HFD + E171 had microvesicular steatosis which has a worse clinical prognosis. HFD mice and HFD + E171 mice had disruption of testis architecture and decrease in spermatozoa concentration and motility in the same extent. We conclude that E171 and HFD induced severe toxicity in colon and testis in the same extent but liver steatosis is exacerbated by combination of HFD + E171 administration.

Biography:

Rodríguez-Ibarra C performed a Bachelor's thesis in the field of Toxicology with the experimental project entitled “Exposure to food grade titanium dioxide induces genotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells”. She is a PhD candidate from the PhD Programme of Biomedical Sciences at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. She is coauthor of 3 published papers on Nanotoxicology field.  

Abstract:

Titanium dioxide food grade (E171) is an additive commonly used as a whitening agent in food and as excipient in toothpaste and pharmaceuticals at quantum satis in the European Union, meaning there is no specific quantity restriction. Although E171 has been considered safe, inhalation of industrial titanium dioxide has been classified as a possible carcinogen, which has raised concerns about possible adverse outcomes when ingested. Oral E171 administration exacerbates tumour formation in murine models of colorectal cancer. However, cellular mechanisms related to carcinogenesis have not been fully investigated. The aim of this work was to investigate cellular mechanisms of toxicity induced by an acute E171 exposure in colon epithelial cells and also analyze if those alterations are permanent or can be reversed. Acute E171 exposure induced an increase in cell granularity and reactive oxygen species generation, which were not accumulative but were lasting for at least 2 days, however alterations in cell cycle distribution observed during the acute exposure were reverted after 2 days. Finally, no internalization of particles in the nuclei was detected but only periniclear localization.